Yayin da kasashen duniya ke ba da muhimmanci ga kiyaye makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki, samar da sabbin motoci masu amfani da wutar lantarki zalla ya zama wani salo. Baya ga aikin baturi, ingancin jiki kuma muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar kewayon tuki na sabbin motocin makamashi. Haɓaka haɓaka sifofin jikin mota mara nauyi da haɗin kai masu inganci na iya haɓaka cikakkiyar kewayon tuki na motocin lantarki ta hanyar rage nauyin duka abin hawa gwargwadon iko yayin tabbatar da ƙarfi da amincin abin hawa. Dangane da nauyin nauyi na motoci, jikin matasan karfe-aluminum yana la'akari da ƙarfi da raguwar nauyi na jiki, ya zama hanya mai mahimmanci don cimma nauyin nauyi na jiki.
Hanyar haɗi na al'ada don haɗa kayan haɗin aluminum yana da mummunan aikin haɗin gwiwa da rashin aminci. Rive mai huda kai, azaman sabuwar fasahar haɗin gwiwa, an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin masana'antar kera motoci da masana'antar kera sararin samaniya saboda cikakkiyar fa'idarsa wajen haɗa gami da kayan haɗin haske. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masanan cikin gida na kasar Sin sun gudanar da bincike mai dacewa kan fasahar yin huda kai tare da yin nazari kan illar hanyoyin magance zafi daban-daban kan aikin masana'antu na TA1 mai tsaftar titanium mai son huda kan gadaje. An gano cewa annealing da quenching zafi magani hanyoyin inganta a tsaye ƙarfi na TA1 masana'antu tsarki titanium kai sokin riveted gidajen abinci. An lura da tsarin haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa kuma an yi nazari daga hangen nesa na kayan aiki, kuma an kimanta ingancin haɗin gwiwa bisa ga wannan. Ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje na metallographic, an gano cewa babban yanki na lalata filastik ya kasance mai ladabi a cikin tsarin fiber tare da wani hali, wanda ya inganta haɓakar yawan damuwa da ƙarfin gajiya na haɗin gwiwa.
Binciken da ke sama ya fi mayar da hankali ne akan kaddarorin injinan haɗin gwiwa bayan riveting na alluran gami da faranti. A cikin ainihin riveting samar da jikin mota, da fasa na riveted gidajen abinci na aluminum gami extruded profiles, musamman high-ƙarfi aluminum gami da high alloying element abun ciki, kamar 6082 aluminum gami, su ne key dalilai ƙuntata aikace-aikace na wannan tsari a kan mota jiki. A lokaci guda, siffar da matsayi na haƙƙin bayanan bayanan da aka yi amfani da su a jikin mota, kamar lankwasa da karkatarwa, suna tasiri kai tsaye ga haɗuwa da amfani da bayanan martaba, kuma suna ƙayyade daidaiton girman jikin motar da ke gaba. Don sarrafa lanƙwasa da karkatar da bayanan martaba da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton girman bayanan martaba, ban da tsarin mutun, yanayin fitarwa na bayanan martaba da saurin kashe kan layi sune mahimman abubuwan da ke tasiri. Mafi girman yanayin fitarwa da sauri da saurin kashewa, mafi girman lankwasawa da juzu'i na bayanan martaba. Don bayanan bayanan allo na aluminum don jikin mota, ya zama dole don tabbatar da daidaiton girman bayanan martaba kuma tabbatar da cewa riveting na alloy ba ya fashe. Hanya mafi sauƙi don haɓaka daidaiton girman girman da haɓaka aikin fashewa na gami shine don sarrafa fashe ta hanyar inganta yanayin dumama da tsarin tsufa na sandunan extruded yayin kiyaye abun da ke cikin kayan, tsarin mutuwa, saurin extrusion, da saurin kashewa ba canzawa. Don 6082 aluminum gami, a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa sauran yanayin tsari ba su canza ba, mafi girman zafin jiki na extrusion, ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙima, amma mafi girman nakasar bayanin martaba bayan quenching.
Wannan takarda yana ɗaukar 6082 aluminum alloy tare da wannan abun da ke ciki kamar abin bincike, yana amfani da yanayin zafi daban-daban da kuma tsarin tsufa daban-daban don shirya samfurori a cikin jihohi daban-daban, kuma yayi la'akari da tasirin zafin jiki na extrusion da yanayin tsufa akan gwajin riveting ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen riveting. Dangane da sakamakon farko, mafi kyawun tsarin tsufa an ƙara ƙaddamar da shi don samar da jagora don samar da bayanan martaba na 6082 aluminium alloy na gaba.
1 Kayan gwaji da hanyoyin
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Tebu 1, an narkar da 6082 aluminium alloy kuma an shirya shi zuwa zagaye ingot ta hanyar simintin ci gaba. Sa'an nan, bayan homogenization zafi magani, da ingot aka mai tsanani zuwa daban-daban yanayin zafi da extruded a cikin wani profile a kan 2200 t extruder. The profile bango kauri ne 2.5 mm, da extrusion ganga zafin jiki ne 440 ± 10 ℃, da extrusion mutu zafin jiki ne 470 ± 10 ℃, da extrusion gudun ne 2.3 ± 0.2 mm / s, da kuma profile quenching Hanyar kasance karfi iska sanyaya. Dangane da zafin jiki na dumama, samfuran sun ƙidaya 1 zuwa 3, daga cikinsu samfurin 1 yana da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki, kuma daidaitaccen zafin jiki na billet shine 470 ± 5 ℃, madaidaicin zafin jiki na samfurin 2 shine 485 ± 5 ℃, kuma zafin samfurin 3 shine mafi girma, kuma daidaitaccen zafin jiki shine 500.5 ℃.
Tebur 1 Ma'auni na sinadarai na gwargwado (ƙarashin juzu'i/%)
A karkashin yanayin da sauran tsari sigogi kamar abu abun da ke ciki, mutu tsarin, extrusion gudun, quenching gudun zama canzawa, sama No. 1 zuwa 3 samfurori samu ta hanyar daidaita extrusion dumama zafin jiki suna tsufa a cikin wani akwatin-type juriya tanderu, da kuma tsufa tsarin ne 180 ℃ / 6 h da 190 ℃ / 6 h. Bayan an rufe su, ana sanyaya su, sannan kuma a yi amfani da su don kimanta tasirin yanayin zafi daban-daban da kuma yanayin tsufa akan gwajin riveting. Gwajin riveting yana amfani da 2.5 mm kauri 6082 gami tare da yanayin zafi daban-daban da tsarin tsufa daban-daban azaman farantin ƙasa, da 1.4 mm lokacin farin ciki 5754-O alloy azaman farantin sama don gwajin riveting SPR. Riveting mutu shine M260238, kuma rivet shine C5.3 × 6.0 H0. Bugu da kari, domin kara sanin mafi kyau duka tsarin tsufa, bisa ga rinjayar extrusion zafin jiki da kuma tsufa jihar a kan riveting fatattaka, farantin a mafi kyau duka extrusion zafin jiki da aka zaba, sa'an nan kuma bi da tare da daban-daban yanayin zafi da kuma daban-daban tsufa sau don nazarin tasirin tsarin tsufa a kan riveting fatattaka, don haka kamar yadda a karshe tabbatar da mafi kyau duka tsarin tsufa. An yi amfani da na'ura mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don lura da ƙananan kayan aiki a yanayin zafi daban-daban, an yi amfani da na'urar gwajin lantarki ta MTS-SANS CMT5000 mai sarrafa microcomputer don gwada kayan aikin injiniya, kuma an yi amfani da ƙananan microscope don lura da riveted gidajen abinci bayan riveting a jihohi daban-daban.
2Sakamako na gwaji da tattaunawa
2.1 Tasirin zafin jiki na extrusion da yanayin tsufa akan tsagewar rive
An ɗauki samfurin tare da ɓangaren giciye na bayanan da aka fitar. Bayan niƙa mai laushi, niƙa mai kyau da gogewa tare da takarda yashi, samfurin ya lalata tare da 10% NaOH na tsawon mintuna 8, kuma an goge samfurin baƙar fata mai tsabta tare da nitric acid. An lura da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ce ta 135 μm. . Bambance-bambance a cikin zurfin ɓawon ƙwayar hatsi ya fi girma saboda yanayin zafi daban-daban. Mafi girma da extrusion zafin jiki, da ƙananan nakasawa juriya na 6082 gami, da karami nakasawa makamashi ajiya samar da gogayya tsakanin gami da extrusion mutu (musamman ma mutu aiki bel), da kuma karami recrystallization tuki karfi. Saboda haka, saman m hatsi Layer ne shallower; ƙananan zafin jiki na extrusion, mafi girma juriya na nakasawa, mafi girma da nakasar makamashi ajiya, da sauƙi shi ne recrystalize, da zurfin da m Layer na hatsi. Don alloy 6082, hanyar recrystallization na hatsi mai girma shine recrystallization na biyu.
(a) Model 1
(b) Model 2
(c) Model 3
Hoto 1 Kauri mai kauri mai kauri na bayanan martaba ta hanyar matakai daban-daban
Samfurori 1 zuwa 3 da aka shirya a yanayin zafi daban-daban sun tsufa a 180 ℃ / 6 h da 190 ℃ / 6 h, bi da bi. The inji Properties na samfurin 2 bayan da biyu tsufa tafiyar matakai da aka nuna a cikin Table 2. A karkashin biyu tsufa tsarin, da yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi da tensile ƙarfi na samfurin a 180 ℃ / 6 h ne muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da wadanda a 190 ℃ / 6 h, yayin da elongation na biyu ne ba da yawa daban-daban, yana nuna cewa 190 ℃ - / 6 h ne a kan magani. Tun da kayan aikin injiniya na 6 jerin aluminum alloy suna canzawa sosai tare da canji na tsarin tsufa a cikin yanayin tsufa, bai dace da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin samar da bayanan martaba da kuma kula da ingancin riveting ba. Sabili da haka, bai dace ba don amfani da yanayin rashin tsufa don samar da bayanan jiki.
Teburin 2 Kayan aikin injiniya na samfurin No. 2 a ƙarƙashin tsarin tsufa guda biyu
An nuna bayyanar yanki na gwajin bayan riveting a cikin Hoto 2. Lokacin da samfurin No. 1 tare da wani nau'i mai zurfi mai zurfi ya ɓata a cikin yanayin tsufa mafi girma, ƙasan ƙasa na rivet ɗin yana da kwasfa na orange a bayyane da fashe ga ido tsirara, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2a. Saboda rashin daidaituwar daidaito a cikin hatsi, digiri na nakasawa zai kasance mara daidaituwa a lokacin nakasawa, samar da ƙasa mara daidaituwa. Lokacin da hatsi ya yi ƙaƙƙarfa, rashin daidaituwar saman ya zama mafi girma, yana haifar da wani abu na bawo orange wanda zai iya gani a ido tsirara. Lokacin da samfurin No. 3 tare da wani nau'i mai laushi mai laushi wanda aka shirya ta hanyar ƙara yawan zafin jiki na extrusion ya kasance a cikin yanayin tsufa mafi girma, saman ƙasa na rivet ya kasance mai santsi, kuma an dakatar da fashewar zuwa wani nau'i, wanda kawai yake gani a ƙarƙashin ƙwayar microscope, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2b. Lokacin da samfurin No. 3 ya kasance a cikin yanayin tsufa, babu wani fashewa da aka gani a karkashin girman girman microscope, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2c.
(a) Kararrawar da ake iya gani ga ido tsirara
(b) ƴan tsage-tsafe da ake iya gani a ƙarƙashin maƙalli
(c) Babu tsaga
Hoto 2 Daban-daban matakan fashewa bayan riveting
Filayen bayan an yi rive, galibi a jihohi uku ne, wato, tsagewar da ake iya gani a ido tsirara (alama “×”), ƴan tsage-tsafe da ake iya gani a ƙarƙashin ƙaramar na’ura mai ma’ana (mai alamar “△”), kuma babu fasa (alama “○”). Sakamakon riveting ilimin halittar jiki na sama uku jihar samfurori a karkashin biyu tsufa tsarin da aka nuna a cikin Table 3. Ana iya ganin cewa a lokacin da tsufa tsari ne m, da riveting fashe yi na samfurin tare da mafi girma extrusion zafin jiki da bakin ciki m hatsi Layer ne mafi alhẽri daga na samfurin tare da zurfi m hatsi Layer; lokacin da ƙwanƙarar ƙwayar hatsi ta kasance akai-akai, ƙwaƙƙwaran ɓarna na yanayin tsufa ya fi na kololuwar yanayin tsufa.
Table 3 Riveting bayyanar samfuran 1 zuwa 3 ƙarƙashin tsarin tsari guda biyu
An yi nazarin tasirin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta bayanan martaba. Halin yanayin damuwa na kayan aiki a lokacin damfara axial ya kasance daidai da na huda kai tsaye. Binciken ya gano cewa tsagewar ta samo asali ne daga iyakokin hatsi, kuma an bayyana tsarin tsagewar Al-Mg-Si gami da dabarar.
σapp shine danniya da ake amfani da shi ga crystal. Lokacin fashe, σapp yayi daidai da ƙimar danniya na gaskiya wanda yayi daidai da ƙarfin ɗaure; σa0 shine juriya na haɓakawa yayin zamewar intracrystalline; Φ shine madaidaicin maida hankali, wanda ke da alaƙa da girman hatsi d da faɗin zamewa p.
Idan aka kwatanta da recrystallization, tsarin hatsi na fibrous ya fi dacewa don hana hanawa. Babban dalili shi ne cewa girman hatsi d ya ragu sosai saboda gyaran ƙwayar hatsi, wanda zai iya rage tasirin damuwa Φ a cikin iyakar hatsi, don haka ya hana raguwa. Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin fibrous, ma'auni na damuwa Φ na recrystallized alloy tare da ƙananan hatsi shine kusan sau 10 fiye da na farko.
Idan aka kwatanta da kololuwar tsufa, yanayin da ya wuce tsufa ya fi dacewa don hana hanawa, wanda aka ƙaddara ta yanayin yanayin hazo daban-daban a cikin gami. A lokacin tsufa mafi girma, 20-50 nm 'β (Mg5Si6) matakan suna haɓaka a cikin 6082 gami, tare da adadi mai yawa na haɓaka da ƙananan girma; lokacin da alloy ya kasance a cikin tsufa, yawan raguwa a cikin gami yana raguwa kuma girman ya zama mafi girma. Abubuwan da aka haifar yayin tsarin tsufa na iya hana motsi na ɓarna a cikin gami. Ƙarfin da ke damun sa akan tarwatsewa yana da alaƙa da girma da juzu'in juzu'i na lokacin hazo. Mahimmin tsari shine:
f shine juzu'in juzu'i na lokacin hazo; r shine girman lokaci; σa shine makamashin mu'amala tsakanin lokaci da matrix. Ƙididdigar ta nuna cewa mafi girma girman girman lokaci mai zurfi da ƙananan ƙananan juzu'i, ƙananan ƙarfinsa akan raguwa, mafi sauƙi shine don ƙaddamarwa a cikin gami don farawa, kuma σa0 a cikin gami zai ragu daga mafi girma tsufa zuwa yanayin tsufa. Ko da σa0 ya ragu, lokacin da alloy ya tashi daga mafi girma tsufa zuwa yanayin tsufa, ƙimar σapp a lokacin fashewar gami yana raguwa da yawa, yana haifar da raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin damuwa mai tasiri a iyakar hatsi (σapp-σa0). Danniya mai tasiri a iyakar hatsi na tsufa shine kusan 1/5 na wancan a lokacin tsufa, wato, yana da wuya a fashe a iyakar hatsi a cikin yanayin tsufa, yana haifar da mafi kyawun riveting na gami.
2.2 Inganta zafin jiki na extrusion da tsarin tsarin tsufa
Dangane da sakamakon da ke sama, yana ƙaruwa da zafin jiki na iya rage zurfin masarar-da aka yi gyara, da kuma ya hana yin amfani da kayan a lokacin riving tsari. Duk da haka, a karkashin jigon wasu gami abun da ke ciki, extrusion mutu tsarin da extrusion tsari, idan extrusion zafin jiki ne ma high, a daya hannun, da lankwasawa da karkatarwa mataki na profile za a kara tsananta a lokacin m quenching tsari, yin da profile size haƙuri ba saduwa da bukatun, da kuma a daya hannun, shi zai sa gami da za a iya samun sauƙin overburned kayan aiki. Idan akai la'akari da riveting jihar, profile size tsari, samar tsari taga da sauran dalilai, da mafi dace extrusion zafin jiki ga wannan gami ba kasa da 485 ℃, wato, samfurin No. 2. Domin ya tabbatar da mafi kyau duka tsufa tsari tsarin, da tsufa tsari da aka gyara bisa ga samfurin No. 2.
The inji Properties na samfurin No. 2 a daban-daban tsufa sau a 180 ℃, 185 ℃ da 190 ℃ aka nuna a cikin Figure 3, wanda aka samar da ƙarfi, tensile ƙarfi da elongation. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 3a, a ƙarƙashin 180 ℃, lokacin tsufa yana ƙaruwa daga 6 h zuwa 12 h, kuma ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ba ya raguwa sosai. A karkashin 185 ℃, yayin da lokacin tsufa ya karu daga 4 h zuwa 12 h, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya fara karuwa sannan kuma yana raguwa, kuma lokacin tsufa wanda ya dace da ƙimar ƙarfin mafi girma shine 5-6 h. A ƙarƙashin 190 ℃, yayin da lokacin tsufa ya ƙaru, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa a hankali. Gabaɗaya, a yanayin yanayin tsufa uku, ƙananan zafin jiki na tsufa, mafi girman ƙarfin ƙarfin abu. Halayen ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi a cikin Hoto 3b sun yi daidai da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin Hoto 3a. Tsawaitawa a yanayin yanayin tsufa daban-daban da aka nuna a hoto na 3c yana tsakanin 14% da 17%, ba tare da wani canji na zahiri ba. Wannan gwaji yana gwada kololuwar tsufa zuwa matakin tsufa, kuma saboda ƙananan bambance-bambancen gwaji, kuskuren gwajin yana haifar da yanayin canjin ba a sani ba.
Fig.3 Mechanical Properties na kayan a daban-daban tsufa yanayin zafi da kuma tsufa sau
Bayan jiyya na tsufa da ke sama, an taƙaita fashewar ɓangarorin riveted a cikin Table 4. Ana iya gani daga Teburin 4 cewa tare da karuwar lokaci, ƙaddamar da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙira ta ƙare. A karkashin yanayin 180 ℃, lokacin da lokacin tsufa ya wuce 10 h, bayyanar haɗin gwiwa na riveted yana cikin yanayin yarda, amma maras tabbas. A karkashin yanayin 185 ℃, bayan tsufa na 7 h, bayyanar riveted haɗin gwiwa ba shi da fasa kuma jihar yana da kwanciyar hankali. A karkashin yanayin 190 ℃, bayyanar riveted haɗin gwiwa ba shi da fasa kuma jihar ta kasance barga. Daga sakamakon gwajin riveting, ana iya ganin cewa aikin riveting ya fi kyau kuma ya fi kwanciyar hankali lokacin da alloy ke cikin yanayin da ya wuce shekaru. Haɗe tare da yin amfani da bayanin martaba na jiki, riveting a 180 ℃ / 10 ~ 12 h ba ya dace da ingancin kwanciyar hankali na tsarin samar da sarrafawa ta OEM. Don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na haɗin gwiwar da aka ƙera, lokacin tsufa yana buƙatar ƙara haɓakawa, amma tabbatar da lokacin tsufa zai haifar da raguwar haɓakar haɓakar bayanan martaba da haɓaka farashi. A karkashin yanayin 190 ℃, duk samfurori na iya saduwa da buƙatun riveting fatattaka, amma ƙarfin kayan yana raguwa sosai. Dangane da buƙatun ƙirar abin hawa, ƙarfin amfanin gona na 6082 gami dole ne a ba da tabbacin ya zama mafi girma 270 MPa. Saboda haka, zafin jiki na tsufa na 190 ℃ bai cika buƙatun ƙarfin abu ba. A lokaci guda, idan ƙarfin abu ya yi ƙasa sosai, ragowar kauri na ƙasan farantin riveted haɗin gwiwa zai zama kadan. Bayan tsufa a 190 ℃ / 8 h, da riveted giciye-section halaye nuna cewa saura kauri ne 0.26 mm, wanda ba ya saduwa da index da ake bukata na ≥0.3 mm, kamar yadda aka nuna a Figure 4a. Idan akai la'akari da gabaɗaya, mafi kyawun zafin jiki na tsufa shine 185 ℃. Bayan tsufa don 7 h, kayan na iya daidaitawa da buƙatun riveting, kuma ƙarfin ya dace da buƙatun aikin. Idan akai la'akari da samar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin riveting a cikin bitar walda, an ba da shawarar mafi kyawun lokacin tsufa don ƙaddara kamar 8 h. Halayen giciye a ƙarƙashin wannan tsarin tsarin ana nuna su a cikin Hoto na 4b, wanda ya dace da buƙatun ƙididdiga. Hagu da dama interlocks ne 0.90 mm da 0.75 mm, wanda ya dace da index bukatun ≥0.4 mm, da kasa saura kauri ne 0.38 mm.
Table 4 Fasasshiyar samfurin No. 2 a yanayin zafi daban-daban da lokutan tsufa daban-daban
Fig.4 Halayen ƙetare na riveted gidajen abinci na 6082 kasa faranti a daban-daban tsufa jihohi
3 Kammalawa
Mafi girma da extrusion zafin jiki na 6082 aluminum gami profiles, da shallower da surface m-grained Layer bayan extrusion. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanƙara mai ƙanƙara mai ƙanƙara mai zurfi na iya rage tasirin damuwa a kan iyakar hatsi, don haka yana hana tsagewar rive. Binciken gwaji ya ƙaddara cewa mafi kyawun zafin jiki na extrusion bai kasa da 485 ℃ ba.
Lokacin da kauri daga cikin m-grained Layer na 6082 aluminum gami profile ne guda, da tasiri danniya na hatsi iyaka na gami a cikin kan-tsufa jihar ne kasa da cewa a cikin ganiya tsufa jihar, hadarin fashe a lokacin riveting ne karami, da kuma riveting yi na gami ne mafi alhẽri. Shan la'akari da uku dalilai na riveting kwanciyar hankali, riveted hadin gwiwa interlocking darajar, zafi magani samar yadda ya dace da kuma tattalin arziki amfanin, da mafi kyau duka tsarin tsufa ga gami an ƙaddara ya zama 185 ℃ / 8h.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-05-2025
