Matsayin maganin zafi na aluminum shine inganta kayan aikin injiniya na kayan aiki, kawar da saura danniya da inganta kayan aikin ƙarfe. Dangane da dalilai daban-daban na maganin zafi, ana iya raba hanyoyin zuwa kashi biyu: magani mai zafi da zafin jiki na ƙarshe.
Manufar maganin zafin jiki shine don inganta aikin sarrafawa, kawar da damuwa na ciki da kuma shirya kyakkyawan tsarin metallographic don maganin zafi na ƙarshe. Tsarin maganin zafi ya haɗa da annealing, normalizing, tsufa, quenching da tempering da sauransu.
1) Annealing da normalizing
Ana amfani da annealing da daidaitawa don kayan aiki mara kyau na aluminum. Carbon karfe da gami da abun ciki na carbon fiye da 0.5% sau da yawa annealed domin rage taurinsu da kuma sauki yanke; Ana amfani da karfen carbon da gami da abun ciki na carbon kasa da 0.5% don gujewa mannewa wuka lokacin da taurin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa. Kuma amfani da magani na al'ada. Annealing da daidaitawa na iya har yanzu tace hatsi da tsarin iri ɗaya, da shirya don maganin zafi na gaba. Annealing da daidaitawa yawanci ana shirya su ne bayan an ƙera fanko da kuma kafin yin aiki mai tsauri.
2) Maganin tsufa
Ana amfani da maganin tsufa da yawa don kawar da damuwa na ciki da aka haifar a cikin masana'antu da machining.
Domin kauce wa wuce kima aikin sufuri, ga sassa tare da cikakken daidaici, ya isa a shirya daya tsufa magani kafin karewa. Koyaya, don sassan da ke da madaidaicin buƙatun, kamar akwatin na'ura mai ban sha'awa, da sauransu, ya kamata a shirya hanyoyin jiyya biyu ko da yawa. Sauƙaƙan sassa gabaɗaya baya buƙatar maganin tsufa.
Baya ga simintin gyare-gyare, ga wasu madaidaicin sassa tare da rashin ƙarfi mara kyau, kamar madaidaicin dunƙule, don kawar da damuwa na ciki da aka haifar yayin aiki da daidaita daidaiton sassa na sassa, yawancin jiyya na tsufa ana shirya su tsakanin m machining da Semi-karewa. Ga wasu sassa na shaft, ya kamata kuma a shirya maganin tsufa bayan tsarin daidaitawa.
3) Quenching da fushi
quenching da tempering yana nufin zafi mai zafi bayan quenching. Zai iya samun tsari na nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in sorbite, wanda shine shiri don rage nakasawa a lokacin quenching surface da nitriding jiyya. Saboda haka, quenching da tempering kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin preheat magani.
Saboda mafi m inji Properties na quenching da tempering sassa, shi kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin karshe zafi magani tsari ga wasu sassa da cewa ba sa bukatar high taurin da sa juriya.
Manufar maganin zafi na ƙarshe shine inganta kayan aikin injiniya kamar taurin, juriya da ƙarfi. Tsarin maganin zafinsa ya haɗa da quenching, carburizing da quenching, da magani na nitriding.
1) Quenching
An raba Quenching zuwa quenching na ƙasa da quenching gaba ɗaya. Daga cikin su, surface quenching ne yadu amfani saboda da kananan nakasawa, hadawan abu da iskar shaka da kuma decarburization, da kuma surface quenching kuma yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high external ƙarfi da kyau lalacewa juriya, yayin da rike mai kyau ciki taurin da kuma karfi tasiri juriya. Domin inganta inji Properties na surface quenching sassa, zafi magani kamar quenching da tempering ko normalizing ake bukata sau da yawa a matsayin pre zafi magani. Hanyarsa gabaɗaya ita ce: ɓarna, ƙirƙira, daidaitawa, ɓarnawa, ƙera machining, quenching and tempering, Semi-karewa, quenching surface, ƙarewa.
2) Carburizing da quenching
Carburizing da quenching shine don ƙara abun ciki na carbon na saman Layer na ɓangaren farko, kuma bayan quenching, saman Layer yana samun babban taurin, yayin da ainihin ɓangaren har yanzu yana riƙe da wani ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfi da filastik. Carburizing ya kasu kashi-kashi gabaɗaya carburizing da partal carburizing. Lokacin da aka yi wani ɓangare na carburizing, ya kamata a dauki matakan rigakafin gani don sassan da ba na carburizing ba. Tun da carburizing da quenching ya haifar da nakasawa mai girma, kuma zurfin carburizing shine gabaɗaya tsakanin 0.5 da 2 mm, ana shirya tsarin carburizing gabaɗaya tsakanin kammalawa da ƙarewa.
Hanyar hanyar gabaɗaya ita ce: ɓarna, ƙirƙira, daidaitawa, mashin ɗin ƙirƙira, ƙarancin ƙarewa, carburizing da quenching, ƙarewa. Lokacin da ɓangaren da ba a yi amfani da shi ba na carburizing da quenching part ya ɗauki tsarin tsari na cire wuce haddi na carburized Layer bayan haɓakar gefe, tsarin cire wuce haddi na carburized ya kamata a shirya bayan carburizing da quenching, kafin quenching.
3) Maganin Nitriding
Nitriding shine tsari na kutsawa atom ɗin nitrogen zuwa wani saman ƙarfe don samun Layer na mahadi masu ɗauke da nitrogen. Layer na nitriding na iya inganta taurin, sa juriya, ƙarfin gajiya da juriya na lalacewa na ɓangaren ɓangaren. Tun da yanayin zafin jiyya na nitriding yana da ƙasa, nakasar ƙanƙara ce, kuma Layer na nitriding yana da bakin ciki, gabaɗaya bai wuce 0.6 ~ 0.7mm ba, yakamata a shirya tsarin nitriding a ƙarshen mai yiwuwa. Domin rage nakasawa a lokacin nitriding, gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar zafi mai zafi don rage damuwa.
May Jiang ta gyara daga MAT Alumin
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-04-2023
