A lokacin aiwatar da aiki na aluminum na aluminium Duk da haka, musamman bayanan bayanan aluminum, ƙarancin "ɓoyewa" sau da yawa yana faruwa a farfajiya. A takamaiman bayyani sun hada da ƙananan ciwace-ciwacen daji tare da bambancin tsire-tsire, tarawa, kuma a fili na ji, tare da ji da ji. Bayan jiyya na iskar shaka ko jiyya na electroretic, sau da yawa suna bayyana azaman granules na baki da ke gabas da saman samfurin.
A cikin samarwar manyan bayanan martaba, wannan lahani ya fi faruwa saboda yawan zafin jiki, da sauransu mawuyacin hali ana iya cire shi lokacin Tsarin maganganun Profile Profile, musamman ma tsari na alkali etching, yayin da karamin adadin manyan-sized, da tabbatacce barbashi ya wanzu a cikin bayanin martaba.
A cikin gida mai gina kofofi, abokan aikinsu gabaɗaya sun yarda da ƙananan lahani na kayan aiki da kuma lahani na kayan ado ko kuma lahani na abin ƙyalli waɗanda suke saba da launi daban-daban.
Don bincika tsarin samar da barbashi, da ilimin halittar jiki da kuma abubuwan da aka lalata da wuraren da ake ciki a ƙarƙashin lahani da matri an kwatanta su. Kyakkyawan bayani don yadda ya kamata a magance m barbashi barbashi, kuma an aiwatar da gwajin gwaji.
Don warware cututtukan kwatancen bayanan martaba, ya zama dole don fahimtar tsarin lalata ɓoyayyen. A yayin aiwatar da tasirin aiki, aluminium mai dasawa ga mutu da mutu shine babban dalilin lahani na kayan alumur. Wannan saboda tsari ne na kwayar halitta na aluminum ne da za'ayi a babban zazzabi na kimanin 450 ° C. Idan sakamakon lalata zafi da kuma gogewa zafi, da zafin jiki na karfe zai fi girma lokacin da yake gudana daga cikin rami rami. Lokacin da samfurin yana gudana daga cikin rami na mutu, saboda babban zazzabi, akwai sabon abu na aluminium mai dacewa tsakanin ƙarfe da mold mai aiki.
The form of this bonding is often: a repeated process of bonding – tearing – bonding – tearing again, and the product flows forward, resulting in many small pits on the surface of the product.
Wannan ɗaurin abin da ke da alaƙa yana da alaƙa da kyawawan abubuwan da ke cikin bel, farfajiyar yanayin zafin jiki, raunin yanayin zafin jiki, da kuma lalata tsoratarwa na ƙarfe.
1 kayan gwaji da hanyoyin
Through preliminary research, we learned that factors such as metallurgical purity, mold status, extrusion process, ingredients, and production conditions may affect the surface roughened particles. A cikin gwajin, riguna biyu na biyu, 6005A da 600, an yi amfani da su don fitar da sashin guda. An bincika ilimin halittar jiki da kuma abubuwan da aka sanya wa munanan wurare na rougheed ta hanyar karanta Spectrometer kai tsaye, kuma idan aka kwatanta da matrix na yau da kullun.
Don bayyana rarrabewa da ilimin halittar jiki na lahani biyu na ɓoyayyiya da barbashi, an ayyana su kamar haka:
(1) Laifi mai zurfi ko ɗaukar lahani shine nau'in lahani wanda yake da ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta mai mahimmanci ko misalin bugun jini wanda ke bayyana a farfajiya na bayanin martaba. Cutar tana farawa daga kararraki kuma ta kare tare da lahani, suna sauka daga wake na ƙarfe a ƙarshen layin karar. Girman rashin lahani yana da gaske 1-5mm, kuma ya zama baƙar fata baƙi bayan da aka nuna a cikin bayanin martaba, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin ja da'irar cikin hoto 1.
(2) Ana kuma kiran wake na wake ko cututtukan adsorption. A farfajiya na aluminum alloy yana haɗe tare da peppical launin toka-baƙar fata mai wuya barbashi kuma yana da tsari mai kwance. Akwai nau'ikan bayanan martaba guda biyu: waɗanda za a iya shafe su kuma waɗanda ba za a iya shafe su ba. Girman yana da ƙasa da 0.5mm, kuma yana jin wuya ga taɓawa. Babu wani karce a gaban sashi. Bayan haduwa, ba ta banbanta da matrix, kamar yadda aka nuna a da'irar rawaya a cikin hoto 1.
Sakamakon gwaji 2 da bincike
2.1 surface Comment
Hoto na 2 ya nuna Modphology na Murfin Modphold na cire lahani a saman 6005A Phoy. Akwai matakan-kamar scratches a gaban sashin ja, kuma sun ƙare tare da tsinkayen nodules. Bayan nodules ya bayyana, farfajiya ya koma al'ada. Matsayin lahani na roughenen ba shi da kyau ga taɓawa, yana da tsayayyen ƙaya mai zurfi, da kuma bin ko kuma a tattara ko tara kashi a farfajiya na bayanin martaba. Ta hanyar gwaji na fadi, an lura cewa jan ilimin halittu na 6005A da kuma sauƙin bayanan martaba suna kama da karfin samfurin ya fi ƙarshen ƙarshen. Bambancin shine cewa girman girman girman 6005A shine karami da zurfin ƙage yana raunana. Wannan na iya danganta da canje-canje a cikin kayan haɗin Alloy, jefa jihar Rod, da yanayin m. An lura da shi a ƙarƙashin 100x, a bayyane yake akwai alamun goge a gaban ƙarshen yanki, wanda yake da elongated tare da ƙuruciyar ruwa, kuma siffar barbashi na ƙarshe na ƙarshe. A 500X, ƙarshen ƙarshen jan juzu'i yana da babban mataki tare da madaidaiciyar hanya (girmamar wannan lahani yana kan barbashi a kan barbashi a ƙarshen wutsiya.
Don nazarin abubuwan da ke haifar da jan hankali, ana karanta su kai tsaye da Edx don gudanar da bincike akan abubuwan da aka lalata da matrix na abubuwan da aka gyara guda uku. Tebur 1 yana nuna sakamakon gwajin bayanan 6005. Sakamakon sakamako na EDX ya nuna cewa abun da ke tattare da matsayin ɗaukar nauyin barbashi ne m da cewa matrix. Bugu da kari, ana tara wasu albarkatu masu kyau a ciki kuma a kusa da lahani, da kuma barbashi barbashi dauke da c, o (ko c (ko cr), ko fe, si, da S.
Binciken lahani na roughhezed na 6005a lafiya Exidized oxifided ya nuna cewa barbashi mai jan ruwa suna da girma a girma (1-5mmm), farfajiya), farfajiya ne mafi girma kamar scratches a gaban sashi; Abubuwan da ke ciki suna kusa da Al Matrix, kuma za a sami matakai masu haɗari waɗanda ke ɗauke da fe, si, c, da kuma da aka rarraba shi. Ya nuna cewa tsarin jan sifarwar allo guda ɗaya iri ɗaya ne.
A lokacin aiwatar da tasirin ƙasa, ƙwararrun kwararar ƙarfe zai haifar da yawan zafin jiki na mologin da zai tashi, yana haifar da "mai ɗorewa na Alumanum" a ƙarshen gefen ƙofar ƙofar. A lokaci guda, wuce haddi si da sauran abubuwa kamar Mn da cr a cikin aluminum Layer "a ƙofar aiki yankin aiki.
Kamar yadda ƙarfe ke gudana gaba kuma ya shafa a kan bel ɗin aikin, maimaitawa na ci gaba da nuna bambanci na faruwa a wani wuri, yana haifar da ƙarfe don ci gaba da sanya superimppose a wannan matsayin. Lokacin da barbashi ke ƙaruwa da wani girman, za a cire shi ta hanyar samfurin da ke gudana kuma samar da alamu na ƙamus a saman ƙarfe. Zai ci gaba da kasancewa a farfajiya na ƙarfe kuma samar da barbashi a ƙarshen kararraki. Don haka, za'a iya la'akari da cewa samuwar barbashi ne galibi ana da alaƙa da aluminium mai sanyaya wa bel mai aiki. An rarraba magungunan da ake rikici a kusa da shi don maganin lubricating mai, oxides ko ƙura da ƙura, da kuma impurities m na ingancin ing.
Koyaya, yawan fis a cikin sakamakon gwajin 6005A shine karami kuma digiri mai sauƙi ne. A gefe guda, yana da saboda falala a cikin mafita na m bel bel da kuma kiyaye kulawa na m belin don rage kauri daga cikin Layer na alumad; A gefe guda, yana da alaƙa da wuce haddi Si abun ciki.
Dangane da batun tsarin hada-hadar kai tsaye, ana iya ganin hakan a ƙari da Si hade tare da MG MG2, ragowar Si ya bayyana a cikin hanyar abu mai sauƙi.
2.2 kananan barbashi a farfajiya
A karkashin Low-mai girma dubawa, barbashi smalle ne (≤0mm), ba mai santsi zuwa taɓawa, da kuma bin ji da kaifi, da kuma bin saman bayanin martaba. Lura a karkashin 100x, kananan barbashi a farfajiya ba ka rarraba ba da ka ba, kuma akwai ƙananan barbashi a haɗe zuwa farfajiya ba tare da la'akari da ko akwai;
A 500X, komai ko akwai sikelin-alama a kan farfajiya tare da tsaka-tsakin shugabanci, da yawa barbashi har yanzu ana haɗe shi, da barbashi da yawa suna haɗe. Babban girman barbashi shine kusan 15 μm, kuma kananan barbashi kusan 5 μm ne.
Ta hanyar bincike na abun da ke cikin 6060 "Mattoy surface barbashi da m matrix, barbashi ne galibi sun haɗa o, c, si, da kuma abun ciki, da kuma abun ciki, da kuma abun cikin aluminum ya ragu sosai. Kusan duk barbashi suna ɗauke da abubuwan o da c abubuwan. Haɗin kowane barbashi ya ɗan bambanta. Daga gare su, barbashi suna kusa da 10 μm, wanda yake da alaƙa da matrix si, MG, da o; A cikin barci, si, o, da kuma a fili yake mafi girma; Barbashi d da f suna da babban si, ya, da na; barbashi e dauke da si, fe, da o; h barbashi suna dauke da mahimmin mahadi. Sakamakon barbashi 6060 sun yi kama da wannan, amma saboda sa da abun ciki a 6060 da kanta ya ƙasa, mai dacewa da abubuwan da ke ciki suma suna da ƙasa; Cikakkun c Abun da ke cikin barbashi 6060 ne in mun gwada da low.
M barbashi na iya zama kananan barbashi, amma kuma ana iya kasancewa a cikin hanyar tarin yawa da yawa kananan abubuwa masu daban, da kuma kashi bisa ga kashi daban-daban a barbashi daban-daban daban-daban daban daban daban-daban. An yi imani da cewa barbashi galibi sun hada nau'ikan biyu. Isaya daga cikin yana da tsinkaye kamar Alfesi da ukun Si, wanda ke samo asali ne daga girman meloves kamar fa'idodi a cikin ingot ɗin, ko kuma alfesi a cikin aikin tashin hankali. Ɗayan yana da ma'ana na baƙi.
2.3 Sakamakon Ingantaccen Ingot
A yayin gwajin, an gano cewa na baya farfajiya na 6005A jefa sanda latti lathe m da kuma ragewa da ƙura. Akwai sanduna biyu masu jefa kuri'a tare da manyan kayan aikin kayan aiki a wurare na gida, wanda yayi daidai da haɓaka na jan, da girman cirewar guda 7.
Sanarwa 6005A tana jefa LATE, don haka farfajiya ta ƙasa ce kuma yawan fasahar da aka rage. Bugu da kari, tunda babu wani wuce haddi da yanke wani ruwa da aka haɗe zuwa mahimman alamun Rod sanda na Soso, a cikin barbashi mai dacewa yana raguwa. An tabbatar da cewa alamun juyawa a saman sandar simintin zai tsananta jan da kuma kayan haɓaka zuwa wani lokaci.
3 Tattaunawa
(1) Abubuwan da ke tattare da lahani masu lahani ne kamar na matrix. Abubuwan da baƙon waje ne, tsohuwar fata a saman ingot da sauran ƙazanta da aka tara a bangon da aka lalata ko kuma yanki na ƙirar ƙarfe, waɗanda aka kawo zuwa saman ƙarfe ko na aluminium na mold bel. Yayinda samfurin yake gudana gaba, ana haifar da karar ƙasa, kuma lokacin da samfurin ya tara zuwa wani girman, samfurin ya cire shi don samar da jan. Bayan an lalata hadawa, saboda girman ja, da kuma girmansa, lahani kamar can.
(2) barbashi surface wani lokacin suna bayyana a matsayin ƙananan barbashi, kuma wani lokacin ana samun su a cikin tsari mai yawa. Abubuwan da suka dace a bayyane ya bambanta da na matrix, kuma galibi ya ƙunshi o, c, fe, da si, c, f, da sigarwa. Wasu daga cikin barbashi suna mamaye abubuwan O-abubuwan, kuma wasu sun mamaye o, c, fe, da si. Sabili da haka, yana da inferred cewa saman barbashi ya fito ne daga kafofin biyu: ɗayan yana da ƙarfi kamar Alfesi da Si, da ƙazanta kamar su, da c ana bin su a farfajiya; Ɗayan yana da ma'ana na baƙi. Bangarorin sun lalace bayan iskar shaka. Sakamakon ƙaramin girman su, ba su da tasiri ko kaɗan a farfajiya.
(3) barbashi mai arziki a C kuma o Abubuwa galibi sun fito ne daga mai, turɓaya, ƙasa, iska, da sauransu. Babban abubuwan da aka haɗa na lubricating mai ne c, o, h, s, da sauransu, da manyan bangaren ƙura da ƙasa shine sio2. A o na abubuwan da ke cikin barbashi na ƙasa gaba ɗaya ne. Saboda barbashi suna cikin yanayin zafin jiki kai tsaye bayan barin bel ɗin aiki, kuma saboda babban takamaiman yanki na barbashi, da sauƙi adsorb o da sauri suna haifar da iskar shaka a cikin iska, sakamakon shi ne mafi girma O abun ciki fiye da matrix.
(4) FE, da dai sauransu sun fito ne daga okides, tsofaffin sikelin da kuma ƙimar mel mataki ko kashi na biyu wanda ba a kawar da shi ta hanyar homogenization ba. FEE ERERETERURESHESHESHESHESHESHESHETS S ya wanzu a cikin matrix na aluminum a cikin nau'in mg2si ko kuma su sanye da ingantaccen bayani na si a cikin tsarin simintin. A lokacin aiwatar da matsanancin tsari na ROD SATHO, SI na iya yin hazo. Rashin daidaituwa na si a aluminium ne 0.48% a 450 ° C da 0.8% (wt%) a 500 ° C. Abubuwan da suka wuce ciki a cikin 6005 sun kusan 0.41%, kuma Si na iya haduwa da hazo wanda ya faru ta hanyar tattarawa.
(5) Aluminum mai daci ga moldwararrun aiki shine babban dalilin ja. Haske mai lalacewa shine babban zazzabi da kuma matsin lamba. Karwar ƙarfe mai gudana zai kara yawan zafin jiki na m bel bel na mold, forming "mai kankare aluminium Layer" a yankan ƙofar ƙofar.
A lokaci guda, wuce haddi si da sauran abubuwa kamar Mn da cr a cikin aluminum Layer "a ƙofar aiki yankin aiki. Karfe yana gudana ta cikin "mai sanda na aluminum Layer" nasa ne na ciki (zubar da karfi a cikin ƙarfe). Jirgin saman da ya yi niyya da wahala saboda tashin hankalin ciki, wanda ke inganta baƙin ƙarfe da ƙirar don tsaya tare. A lokaci guda, mold moled bel ya ƙazantu a cikin wani kyakkyawan tsari saboda matsin lamba, da kuma m alumin mai aiki da kayan aiki da kayan aiki na turning kayan juyawa.
Samuwar m aluminum mai tsauri tsari ne mai tsauri da zubar da shi. Bayanan martaba suna fitowa koyaushe daga cikin bayanin martaba, suna haifar da lahani. Idan yana tafiya kai tsaye daga bel ɗin aiki kuma ana kiranta saman bayanan, ƙananan barbashi na thermally bin sutturar ana kiranta "barbashi adsorple". Idan wasu barbashi za su fashe da fitowar aluminium ado, wasu barbashi zasu tsaya a farfajiya na bel ɗin aiki lokacin wucewa ta hanyar aikin belin aiki, haifar da karce a saman bayanin martaba. A ƙarshen wutsiya shine matrix matrix. Lokacin da alumini ya makale a tsakiyar aikin bel (haɗin yana da ƙarfi), zai iya ƙara ƙarfin ƙage.
(6) Saurin tashin hankali yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan ja. Tasirin saurin gudu. Dangane da kwastomomi 6005 Dousoy ya damu, saurin tasirin ƙasa yana ƙaruwa a cikin kewayon gwajin, yawan sararin samaniya yana ƙaruwa kuma ya zama mai nauyi kamar yadda keɓaɓɓun layin inji. Ya kamata a adana saurin taso a matsayin barga sosai don guje wa canje-canje kwatsam cikin sauri. Yawan wuce gona da iri da zafin jiki mai yawa zai haifar da ƙara tashin hankali da kuma mummunan barbashi. Bayyananniyar tsarin tasirin tasirin tasirin tasirin tasirinsa akan jan phenenon yana buƙatar bin bibiya mai zuwa.
(7) Ingancin ingancin Red Subt shima mahimmancin mahalicci ne ya shafi ɓoyayyen barbashi. A farfajiya na simintin simintin sagin, tare da sawling burrs, stain mai, ƙura, lalata, da sauransu, duk wanda ke ƙaruwa da jan barbashi.
4 Kammalawa
(1) abun da ke tattare da lahani ya dace da na matrix; Abincin da abun da aka sanya na barbashi ya bambanta da cewa matrix, galibi dauke da o, c, fe, da si, fe, da si da sign.
(2) Cire lahani na barbashi galibi ne lalacewa ta hanyar aluminium mai dorewa ga mold bel. Duk wani abu da ke inganta alumini mai sanyaya wa bel mai aiki zai haifar da lahani. A kan tsarin tabbatar da ingancin jakar simintin, asalin barbashi bashi da tasiri kai tsaye a kan tsarin alloy.
(3) Jiyya na Wuta na Wuta na Kyauta yana da amfani don rage cirewar saman.
Lokaci: Satumba-10-2024
