Babban kauri na bango 6061T6 aluminum alloy yana buƙatar ɗaukar hoto bayan zafi mai zafi. Saboda iyakancewar dakatar da ɓoyewa, wani ɓangare na bayanin martaba zai shiga yankin mai sanyaya ruwa tare da jinkirta. Lokacin da aka ci gaba da karancin karar da za a mamaye shi, wannan bangare na bayanin martaba zai sha jinkiri ya jinkirta. Yadda za a magance yankin da aka jinkirta a quenching shine batun da kowane kamfanin samarwa yana buƙatar la'akari. Lokacin da ƙarshen fasahar wutsiya ya ƙare, samfuran aikin da aka ɗauka a wasu lokuta sun cancanci kuma wani lokacin da ba a daidaita su ba. Lokacin da yashi daga gefe, wasan kwaikwayon ya sake cancanta. Wannan labarin yana ba da bayani mai dacewa ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen.
1. Kayan gwaji da hanyoyin
Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a wannan gwajin shine 6061 aluminium ado. Abubuwan da ke tattare da sunadarai sun auna su ta hanyar bincike na kallo kamar haka: Yana hada tare da GB / T 3190-1996 International 6069 Aluminum Alumsy International Standard.
A cikin wannan gwajin, an ɗauki wani ɓangare na bayanin martaba da aka fitar don magani mai gina jiki. Bayanin zango 400mm 400m ya raba kashi biyu. Yankin 1 an sanyaya kai tsaye-sanyaya-ruwa da kuka. Yankin 2 an sanyaya a cikin iska na sakan 90 sannan kuma ruwa-sanyaya. An nuna zane-zane na gwaji a hoto 1.
Sashin 6061 aluminum aluminium bayanin martaba da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan gwajin ya lalace ta hanyar wulakanci 4000ust. Zafin jiki na mold shine 500 ° C, zazzabi Rod shine 510 ° C, ana amfani da zafin jiki mai ƙarfi a lokacin aiwatar da ruwa, da kuma 400mm Ana ɗaukar yanki na gwaji daga tsakiyar bayanin martaba na ƙimar. Sample nisa shine 150mm kuma tsayin ne 10.00mm.
Samfuran da aka ɗauka sun rabu kuma sannan a sake yin magani na magance matsalar. Yawan zafin jiki ya kasance 530 ° C da lokacin bayani ya kasance 4 hours. Bayan fitar da su, an sanya samfurori a cikin babban tanki na ruwa tare da zurfin ruwa na 100mm. Babban tanki mafi girma na iya tabbatar da cewa ruwan zafin jiki a cikin ruwa yana canzawa kaɗan bayan samfurin a cikin yanki 1 shine ruwa-sanyaya ruwa, yana hana karuwa cikin zafin ruwa mai sanyaya ruwa daga shafar ruwa mai sanyaya ruwa. A lokacin aiwatar da sanyaya ruwa, tabbatar da cewa ruwan zafin jiki yana cikin kewayon 20-25 ° C. An buga samfuran da aka kashe a 165 ° C * 8h.
Takeauki wani ɓangare na samfurin 400mm tsawon kwanaki 30mm mai girma 10mm mai kauri, kuma yi gwajin reshenell. Yi ma'auna 5 kowane 10mm. Takeauki matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar Griyan 5 a matsayin ƙarfin son ƙarfin hali yana haifar da wannan batun, kuma a lura da wuya canza yanayin.
An gwada kayan aikin kayan aikin na bayanin martaba na bayanin martaba, kuma an sarrafa raguwar sashi a matsayi daban-daban na samfurin 400mm don kiyaye kaddarorin da ke tattarawa da wurin karaya.
Filin zafin jiki na ruwa mai sanyaya ruwa na ruwa da kuma Quinching bayan jinkirta da bata lokaci na Disys, kuma farashin sandan hoto a wurare daban-daban an bincika.
2. Sakamakon gwaji da bincike
2.1 Results gwaji
Hoto na 2 yana nuna Harshen canjin sauƙaƙen samfurin 400mm mai auna (ɓangaren ABSCIssa yana wakiltar 10mm. Ana iya gano cewa taurin kai a ƙarshen sanyaya ruwa ya tabbata a kusan 95hb. Bayan rarrabuwar ruwa tsakanin ƙwanƙwataccen ruwa da jinkirin ruwa mai sanyaya ruwa na ruwa na ruwa mai sanyaya 90s, da wuya fara raguwa, amma ragin yana jinkirta cikin farkon matakin. Bayan 40mm (89hb), da wuya ya ragu sosai, kuma saukad da darajar mafi ƙarancin (77hb) a 80mm. Bayan 80mm, da wuya bai ci gaba da raguwa ba, amma ya karu zuwa wani gwargwado. Karuwa ya kasance ya zama kadan. Bayan 130mm, da wuya ya kasance canzawa a kusan 83hb. Ana iya yin hasashe cewa saboda tasirin hawan zafi, farashin sanyaya ɓangaren jinkirin ya canza.
2.2 Sakamakon gwajin gwaji da bincike
Tebur 2 yana nuna sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar akan samfurori da aka ɗauka daga matsayi daban-daban na ɓangaren ɓangare. Ana iya gano cewa ƙarfi na tenar da ba da ƙarfi na No. 1 da A'a 2 ba su da canji. Kamar yadda ya dace da jinkirin da aka jinkirta ƙare, toen ƙarfi da samar da ƙarfi game da alloy nuna wani abu mai girma. Koyaya, ƙarfin tensile a kowane wuri samfurin yana sama da daidaitaccen ƙarfin. Sai kawai a cikin yankin tare da mafi ƙasƙantar da mafi ƙasƙanci, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ragu fiye da ma'aunin samfurin, ba a daidaita samfurin samfurin ba.
Hoto na 4 ya nuna sakamakon samfurin na Tensile na Samfurin A'a. 3 Rage wuya yana nuna cewa aikin samfurin an rage, amma da wuya ya ragu a hankali, kawai ragewar 95hb zuwa kusan 95hb zuwa ƙarshen 91hb a ƙarshen ɓangaren layi daya. Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga sakamakon wasan a Table 1, ƙarfin da ke ƙasa ya ragu daga 342pta zuwa 320mpa don ruwan sanyi. A lokaci guda, an gano cewa karfin samfurin na tensile kuma a ƙarshen ɓangaren yanki tare da mafi ƙasƙanci. Wannan saboda yana da nisa daga ruwan sanyawar ruwa, an rage yawan aikin Allion, kuma ƙarshen ya isa iyakar tenal da farko don samar da wuya. A ƙarshe, hutu daga mafi ƙarancin wasan kwaikwayon, kuma matsayin karya ya yi daidai da sakamakon gwajin aikin.
Hoto na 5 yana nuna wahalar sakin layi na samfurin No. 4 da Matsayin rauni. Ana iya gano cewa nesa da layin rarrabuwa na ruwa, ƙananan wahalar da aka jinkirta ƙarshen. A lokaci guda, wurin karaya shima yana ƙare a ƙarshen inda wuya, karar ƙasa ce ta 86hb. Daga Table 2, an gano cewa kusan babu lahani na filastik a ƙarshen sanyaya ruwa. Daga Table 1, an gano cewa samfurin aikin (ƙarfin tenta 29psa, samar da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Stringarfafa tenarshe shine kawai 298pta, wanda bai isa ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ba (315mpa). Endarshen ya kafa wani abin wuya idan ya ƙasa da 315psa. Kafin karaya, nakasa na ruwa kawai ya faru a cikin yankin da aka sanyaya ruwa. Kamar yadda damuwa ya bace, iri a cikin ƙarshen ruwan da aka sanyaya ruwa ya ɓace. A sakamakon haka, adadin ƙazanta a cikin yankin mai sanyaya ruwa a cikin Tebur 2 yana da kusan canji. Samfurin ya karye a ƙarshen jinkirin da aka jinkirta wuta, an rage yankin da ya lalace, kuma ƙarshen har abada shine mafi ƙanƙanta, yana haifar da raguwa mai mahimmanci.
Aauki samfurori daga yanki na 100% na ƙarshe a ƙarshen samfurin 400mm. Hoto na 6 yana nuna gefen makircin. An rage wuya a sashi zuwa kusan 83-84hb kuma ya tabbata a tabbata. Saboda tsari iri ɗaya, wasan kwaikwayon yana da daidai. Ba a bayyane yake ba ana samun tsari a cikin karaya. Ayyukan Alloy sun yi ƙasa da na samfurin ruwa mai ruwa.
Don kara yin bincike kan tsari da karaya, sashen daya na layi na sihirin mai tasirin da ke da ƙarfi (77hb). Daga Table 1, an gano cewa an rage aikin sosai, kuma wata alama ta zama ta zama mafi ƙarancin ma'ana a cikin hoto 2.
2.3 sakamakon bincike
Hoto na 7 yana nuna sakamakon Ansyy simulation na sanyaya a matsayi daban-daban. Ana iya ganin cewa zazzabi na samfurin a cikin yankin mai sanyaya ruwa ya faɗi cikin sauri. Bayan 5s, zazzabi ya faɗi ƙasa a ƙasa 100 ° C, kuma a 80mm daga layin rarrabuwa, zazzabi ya faɗi kusan 210 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C a 90 ° C at 90s. Matsakaicin zafin jiki digo ne 3.5 ° C / s. Bayan seconds 90 a cikin tashar iska sanyaya Air, zazzabi ta sauka zuwa kusan 360 ° C, tare da matsakaicin digo na 1.9 ° C / s.
Ta hanyar bincike na bincike da kuma sakamakon simulation, ana gano cewa aikin na sanyaya ruwa da kuma jinkirin yin jinkiri shine tsarin canji wanda ya fara raguwa sannan kuma ya karaya kaɗan. Ya shafi ruwan sanyi kusa da jerin rarrabuwa, tsarin zafi yana haifar da samfurin a wani yanki don ragewa a farashin sanyaya ƙasa da na sanyaya ruwa (3.5 ° C / s). A sakamakon haka, Mg2si, wanda ya gaji cikin matrix, wanda aka kayyade a cikin adadi mai yawa a wannan yankin, kuma zazzabi ya ragu zuwa kusan 210 ° C Bayan 90 seconds. Babban adadin mg2si precipitated ya haifar da ƙaramin tasirin ruwa na sanyaya ruwa bayan 90 s. Yawan yawan mg2si na ci gaba na Mg2si wanda aka kaddara bayan an rage magani na tsufa sosai, kuma an rage samfurin samfurin. Koyaya, jinkirin jinkirta Ziyarar da nisa daga layin rarrabuwa ba ya tasiri a hankali a hankali a cikin yanayin iska mai sanyaya (farashin sanyi 1.9 ° C / s). Sai kawai karamin sashi na mg2si lokaci a hankali sannu a hankali, kuma zazzabi shine 360C bayan 90s. Bayan sanyaya ruwa, yawancin lokaci na Mg2si har yanzu yana cikin matrix, kuma yana tarwatsa kuma yana haifar da hazo bayan tsufa, wanda ke taka rawa sosai.
3. Kammalawa
An samo shi ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje da ya jinkirta quenching zai haifar da da taurin kai na jinkirin da ya rage da kuma jinkirin harbe.
For 6061 aluminum alloy, the tensile strengths after normal quenching and delayed quenching for 90 s are 342MPa and 288MPa respectively, and the yield strengths are 315MPa and 252MPa, both of which meet the sample performance standards.
Akwai yanki tare da mafi ƙasƙanci, wanda aka rage daga 95hb zuwa 77hb bayan na al'ada. A wasan kwaikwayon anan shima mafi ƙanƙanta, tare da ƙarfafar mai tensile na 271mpa da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa na 220mpa.
Ta hanyar bincike na Anys, an gano cewa farashin sanyaya a cikin mafi ƙarancin wasan kwaikwayon a cikin 90s jinkiri ya ragu ta biyu, wanda ya jinkirta mafita na karfada masarautar mitassi. Dangane da wannan labarin, ana iya ganinsa cewa batun haɗarin aikin yana bayyana a cikin yankin da aka jinkirta a ƙarshen ƙuƙwalwar al'ada da jinkiri mai mahimmanci ga riƙe wutsiya na wutsiya kawo karshen sharar gida.
Gyara ta May Jiang daga Matuminum
Lokaci: Aug-28-2024
